A2 Grammar Lesson 7
Unit 7 – Grammar Rules
7A – Past simple of be: was / were
Form and use:
We use was / were to talk about:
- situations and states in the past
- where someone or something was
- how something was
Examples
- I was tired yesterday.
- She was at home last night.
- They were famous in the 1990s.
Positive & negative
| Subject | Be Positive | Be Negative |
|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | Was | Wasn’t |
| You / we / they | Were | Weren’t |
Examples:
- He was late yesterday.
- I wasn’t happy with the result.
- We were in Rome last summer.
- They weren’t at work on Friday.
Questions & short answers
| Be | Subject | …? | Short Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Was | he | at the meeting? | Yes, he was / No, he wasn’t. |
| Were | they | tired? | Yes, they were / No, they weren’t. |
We often use past time expressions:
yesterday, last night, last year, in 2018, etc.
We also use was / were with born:
- I was born in 2001.
Quiz 1
7B – Past simple: regular verbs
Use:
We use the past simple for:
- actions that finished once in the past
- actions that happened many times in the past
Examples:
- I booked a hotel yesterday.
- We walked to school every day when I was a child.
Form:
Positive
| Subject | Verb -ed | … |
|---|---|---|
| He | worked | here last year. |
| We | played | football yesterday. |
| They | arrived | late last night. |
Negative
| Subject | Didn’t | Verb infinitive | … |
|---|---|---|---|
| He | didn’t | work | yesterday. |
| We | didn’t | watch | the match. |
| They | didn’t | arrive | late last night. |
Question
| Did | Subject | Verb infinitive | …? | Short Answer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Did | you | finish | the report? | Yes, I did / No, I didn’t. |
| Did | they | arrive | on time? | Yes, they did / No, they didn’t. |
| Did | he | live | here last year? | Yes, he did / No, he didn’t. |
⚠ After did / didn’t, we use the infinitive, not past form.
✔ Did you work?
✘ Did you worked?
Spelling rules (verb + -ed)
| Verb | -ed Form | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Work | Worked | Just add -ed |
| Watch | Watched | |
| Play | Played | |
| Arrive | Arrived | Finish with -e, just add -ed |
| Like | Liked | |
| Stop | Stopped | Finish with consonant + vowel + consonant, double the last consonant, and add -ed |
| Travel | Travelled |
Quiz 2
7C – Past simple: irregular verbs
Some verbs do not add –ed and change form.
Examples:
- go → went
- see → saw
- buy → bought
- take → took
We use:
- past form in positive sentences
- did / didn’t + infinitive in questions and negatives
Examples:
✔ I went home early.
✔ Did you go out?
✘ Did you went out?
can → could (past)
- We use could as the past of can.
- Negative: couldn’t
- Question: Could + subject + verb
Examples
- I could swim when I was five.
- We couldn’t hear the teacher.
- Could you read when you were six?
