A2 Grammar Lesson 11
Unit 11 – Grammar Rules
11A – Adverbs (manner and modifiers)
Adverbs of manner
We use adverbs of manner to say how something happens.
- They describe verbs, not nouns.
- Adverbs usually come after the verb or after the object.
Examples
- She drives carefully.
- He speaks English fluently.
- They worked hard all day.
❌ She carefully driver.
✔ She is a careful driver.
✔ She drives carefully.
Forming adverbs
Most adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives:
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| Slow | Slowly |
| Quick | Quickly |
| Careful | Carefully |
| Bad | Badly |
| Spelling Changes | |
| Happy | Happily |
| Easy | Easily |
| Possible | Possibly |
| Irregular Adverbs | |
| Good | Well |
| Fast | Fast |
| Hard | Hard |
Modifiers: very, quite, really, etc.
We use modifiers to make adjectives or adverbs stronger or weaker.
- They always go before the adjective or adverb.
Examples
- It’s very cold today.
- She speaks really confidently.
- The test was quite easy.
⚠ Be careful: some words ending in -ly are adjectives, not adverbs.
- a friendly person
- a lonely place
Quiz 1
11B – Verb + to + infinitive
Some verbs are followed by to + verb.
Common verbs:
want, need, decide, plan, hope, learn, promise, try, choose, would like
Examples:
- I want to learn Italian.
- She decided to stay at home.
- We’d like to visit Japan.
would like vs like
- I’d like to = I want (now or in the future)
- I like + -ing = I enjoy (in general)
Examples
- I’d like to travel next year.
- I like travelling.
Quiz 2
11C – Definite article the
Using the
We use the:
- when it’s clear what we mean
- when there is only one of something
- with superlatives
Examples
- Close the door, please.
- The sun is very bright.
- She’s the best student in class.
No article (–)
We don’t usually use the:
- when talking about things in general
- with meals
- with transport and general places
Examples
- Doctors work long hours.
- I had breakfast at home.
- She goes to work by bus.